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jolly$41668$ - перевод на итальянский
PIRATE FLAG
Jolly Rodger; Jolly roger; Pirate flag; Jolly rogers; Jolly Rogers; Pirate Flag; Jolly rogger; The Jolly Roger; 🏴☠️; 🏴☠
.png?width=200)
![Anarchist and Pirate protest with the Jolly Roger flag in [[Hungary]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antifa zaszlo kormany ellenes tuntetsen.JPG?width=200 "Anarchist and Pirate protest with the Jolly Roger flag in [[Hungary]].")
![Charles Johnson]]'s ''[[A General History of the Pyrates]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bonnet.gif?width=200 "Charles Johnson]]'s ''[[A General History of the Pyrates]]''")
![The Jolly Roger raised in an illustration for [[Gilbert and Sullivan]]'s ''[[The Pirates of Penzance]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Drawing of Act I Finale.jpg?width=200 "The Jolly Roger raised in an illustration for [[Gilbert and Sullivan]]'s ''[[The Pirates of Penzance]]''")
![ORP ''Sokół'']] returning to base in 1944. A Jolly Roger flag and two captured Nazi flags are flying from the periscope mast](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ORP Sokol2.jpg?width=200 "ORP ''Sokół'']] returning to base in 1944. A Jolly Roger flag and two captured Nazi flags are flying from the periscope mast")
![Paul Jones]] the Pirate", a British caricature of the late 18th century, is an early example of the Jolly Roger's skull-and-crossbones being transferred to a character's hat, in order to identify him as a pirate (typically a tricorne, or as in this example, the later (1790s) bicorne).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul Jones the pirate.jpg?width=200 "Paul Jones]] the Pirate\", a British caricature of the late 18th century, is an early example of the Jolly Roger's skull-and-crossbones being transferred to a character's hat, in order to identify him as a pirate (typically a tricorne, or as in this example, the later (1790s) bicorne).")
![Origins of the Design]], above.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate Flag of Emanuel Wynne.svg?width=200 "Origins of the Design]], above.")
![A pirate flag used by [[Edward Low]].Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 101.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edward Low Flag.svg?width=200 "A pirate flag used by [[Edward Low]].Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 101.")
![Charles Harris]] and [[Francis Spriggs]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate Flag of Blackbeard (Edward Teach).svg?width=200 "Charles Harris]] and [[Francis Spriggs]].")
![John Phillips]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John Quelch Flag.svg?width=200 "John Phillips]].")
![John Phillips]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John Phillips Pirate Flag.svg?width=200 "John Phillips]].")
![Death]] holding an hourglass.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 100; Johnson (1724), p. 278.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bartholomew Roberts Flag.svg?width=200 "Death]] holding an hourglass.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 100; Johnson (1724), p. 278.")
![Martinican]]'s head" (AMH) - two islands against whom he held a grudge.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bartholomew Roberts Flag1.svg?width=200 "Martinican]]'s head\" (AMH) - two islands against whom he held a grudge.")
![Jolly Roger erroneously associated with [[Calico Jack Rackham]].Botting, p. 48, Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 98.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate Flag of Rack Rackham.svg?width=200 "Jolly Roger erroneously associated with [[Calico Jack Rackham]].Botting, p. 48, Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 98.")
!["Black Sam" Bellamy]]Pirate Mythtory, Ed Foxe, 2004 and [[Edward England]]'s mainmast flag.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 98. Although it is unconfirmed, it is possible that it may have been flown by [[Blackbeard]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag of Edward England.svg?width=200 "\"Black Sam\" Bellamy]]Pirate Mythtory, Ed Foxe, 2004 and [[Edward England]]'s mainmast flag.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 98. Although it is unconfirmed, it is possible that it may have been flown by [[Blackbeard]].")
![Traditional depiction of [[Stede Bonnet]]'s flag, though Bonnet was only described in trial documents as having flown a "death's head".Botting, p. 48; Konstam, p. 99.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate Flag of Stede Bonnet.svg?width=200 "Traditional depiction of [[Stede Bonnet]]'s flag, though Bonnet was only described in trial documents as having flown a \"death's head\".Botting, p. 48; Konstam, p. 99.")
![[[Claes Gerritszoon Compaen]]'s pirate flag.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Claes Gerritszoon Compaen Flag.svg?width=200 "[[Claes Gerritszoon Compaen]]'s pirate flag.")
![Flag of [[Christopher Moody]]; described in the mid-1700s, though not attributed to Moody until 1933; Moody was a sailor under Bartholomew Roberts, not a captain, and would not have had his "own" flag.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag of Christopher Moody.svg?width=200 "Flag of [[Christopher Moody]]; described in the mid-1700s, though not attributed to Moody until 1933; Moody was a sailor under Bartholomew Roberts, not a captain, and would not have had his \"own\" flag.")
![Possible flag of [[Thomas Tew]].Botting, p. 48; Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 101; Sherry, illustrated p. 97, ascribed p. 96.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate Flag of Thomas Tew.svg?width=200 "Possible flag of [[Thomas Tew]].Botting, p. 48; Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 101; Sherry, illustrated p. 97, ascribed p. 96.")
![[[Richard Worley]]'s flag.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 100. Johnson (1724), p. 344, says only that Worley "made a black Ensign, with a white Death's Head in the Middle of it, and other Colours suitable to it," without specifying whether these "other Coulours" were the crossed bones that appear in Botting and Konstam.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard Worley Flag.svg?width=200 "[[Richard Worley]]'s flag.Botting, p. 49; Konstam, ''The History of Pirates'', p. 100. Johnson (1724), p. 344, says only that Worley \"made a black Ensign, with a white Death's Head in the Middle of it, and other Colours suitable to it,\" without specifying whether these \"other Coulours\" were the crossed bones that appear in Botting and Konstam.")
![Walter Kennedy]]).Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 99; Johnson (1726), p. 331.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Captain Dulaien Flag.svg?width=200 "Walter Kennedy]]).Botting, p. 49; Konstam, p. 99; Johnson (1726), p. 331.")
![Flag of [[Philip Lyne]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Philip Lyne Flag.svg?width=200 "Flag of [[Philip Lyne]].")
![Other flag of [[Jean Thomas Dulaien]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pirate flag of Jean Thomas Dulaien (alternate design).svg?width=200 "Other flag of [[Jean Thomas Dulaien]].")
![Flag of [[Captain Napin]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Captain Napin Flag.svg?width=200 "Flag of [[Captain Napin]].")
![Flag of [[Olivier Levasseur]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Olivier (La Buse) Levasseur Pirate Flag.svg?width=200 "Flag of [[Olivier Levasseur]].")
![Flag of [[Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BarbarosSancagi.svg?width=200 "Flag of [[Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha]].")
![New Granada]] used by [[Jean Laffite]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag of New Granada (1811-1814).svg?width=200 "New Granada]] used by [[Jean Laffite]].")
![Flag of pirates captured from the [[Florida Straits]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Florida Straits pirates flag.svg?width=200 "Flag of pirates captured from the [[Florida Straits]].")
![Bloedvlag]]".](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bloedvlag.svg?width=200 "Bloedvlag]]\".")
![Prinsenvlag]]" used by Dutch pirates.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prinsenvlag.svg?width=200 "Prinsenvlag]]\" used by Dutch pirates.")
![The "[[Statenvlag]]" used by Dutch pirates.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Statenvlag.svg?width=200 "The \"[[Statenvlag]]\" used by Dutch pirates.")
![The [[flag of the Netherlands]] used by Dutch pirates.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag of the Netherlands.svg?width=200 "The [[flag of the Netherlands]] used by Dutch pirates.")
jolly
v. adulare, blandire, lusingare; persuadere
jolly boat
![In this illustration from [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]'s ''[[Treasure Island]]'', crew members flee from a mutinous ship in a jolly boat.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Treasure-island03.png?width=200 "In this illustration from [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]'s ''[[Treasure Island]]'', crew members flee from a mutinous ship in a jolly boat.")
TYPE OF SHIP'S BOAT
Jollyboat; Jolly-boat
scialuppa, lancia
dry cleaner
![groups]] bind water, leading to swelling of the fabric and leading to wrinkling, which is minimized when these materials are treated with tetrachloroethylene or other dry cleaning solvents.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cellulose Sessel.svg?width=200 "groups]] bind water, leading to swelling of the fabric and leading to wrinkling, which is minimized when these materials are treated with tetrachloroethylene or other dry cleaning solvents.")
 3.jpg?width=200 "Italian dry cleaning machine used in France in the 1960s")
![[[Perchloroethylene]] is the main solvent used in dry cleaning](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tetrachloroethylene.svg?width=200 "[[Perchloroethylene]] is the main solvent used in dry cleaning")
.svg?width=200 "Dry clean, hydrocarbon solvent only (HCS)")
s.svg?width=200 "Gentle cleaning with hydrocarbon solvents")
ss.svg?width=200 "Very gentle cleaning with hydrocarbon solvents")
![Dry clean, [[tetrachloroethylene]] (PCE) only](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Professionelle reinigung (P).svg?width=200 "Dry clean, [[tetrachloroethylene]] (PCE) only")
s.svg?width=200 "Gentle cleaning with PCE")
ss.svg?width=200 "Very gentle cleaning with PCE")
CLEANING OF FABRICS IN NON-AQUEOUS SOLVENTS
Dry Cleaning Industry; Dry clean; Dry Cleaning; Dry cleaner; Drycleaning; Drycleaner; Dry cleaners; Dry-cleaning; Dry clean only; Dryclean; Dry-cleaned; Dry cleaning bag; Dry-cleaning solvent; Jean Baptiste Jolly; Dry-cleaning shop; Dry cleaning solvent
tintoria
Определение
Jolly Roger
¦ noun a pirate's flag with a white skull and crossbones on a black background.
Origin
C18: of unknown origin.
Википедия
Jolly Roger
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Jolly Roger is the traditional English name for the flags flown to identify a pirate ship preceding or during an attack, during the early 18th century (the later part of the Golden Age of Piracy).
The flag most commonly identified as the Jolly Roger today — the skull and crossbones symbol on a black flag — was used during the 1710s by a number of pirate captains including Black Sam Bellamy, Edward England, and John Taylor. It went on to become the most commonly used pirate flag during the 1720s, although other designs were also in use.
